However, people on the autistic spectrum may not realise when they are becoming stressed or anxious. Neurotypical people (people who do not have autism) can often identify and can take steps to remedy or relieve this.
When comparing levels of stress, a person with autism may start their day with a higher level of anxiety and stress than that of a neurotypical person. This may result in them reaching crisis point much more quickly than others. Anxiety can be caused by many triggers which are personal to that individual
A person’s likely stress levels over time, when anxious
Some people with autism may struggle to communicate with others, they may experience social anxiety or have sensory differences, etc.
Many people with autism experience hypersensitivity to things like loud noises, touch, light and other forms of sensation. When in these situations they may also experience increased levels of anxiety, stress and discomfort. This may result in avoidance of such places in which over-stimulation may occur.
Transition and change can also cause stress and anxiety, as this may interfere with their usual routine and leave them feeling vulnerable.
People with autism may also have difficulties in understanding the perspective of others. They may misinterpret communications and interpersonal cues. These misunderstandings can also lead to anxiety and difficulties in relationships. This may result in withdrawal, rejection, or avoidance of such situations.
When a person feels anxious they may react in the
following ways:
It is important to be consistent and to stay calm and quiet when supporting somebody who is feeling very anxious or stressed. This will help them to relax.
Do not force the person to speak or make eye contact as this may increase their levels of anxiety.
Writing things down, or using visual or pictorial information, can help to support routine and give predictability to the person, as can using their preferred method of communication. This can also support them to express themselves and how they are feeling, when and if they are able.
Reduce sensory stimuli if the person is feeling overwhelmed. You may also need to provide sensory input if the individual requires this.
If someone is experiencing a meltdown, do not leave them alone. They may put themselves at risk.
Allow the person to carry out routines and be repetitive. This can be a coping strategy for some people.
